The Philippi Collection: March 2013

March 24, 2013

History of the Jewish Shtreimel - שטריימל

The shtreimel is the Jewish hat with the most mysterious story behind it. Today considered as a holy hat which emphasizes the divine in the head of his wearer, the legend has it, that it is the biggest sign of humiliation ever imposed on the Jews of Europe.

It started during the Fourth Council of the Lateran under Pope Inocent III. when in Canon 68 was proclaimed:

Jews and Saracens of both sexes in every Christian province must be distinguished from the Christian by a difference of dress. On Passion Sunday and the last three days of Holy Week they may not appear in public.

In consequence Jews had to wear a special headgear as well.

In the Netherlands and other European countries the outcasts were forced to wear a fur tail (fox tail) on their back.

Pieter Bruegel the Elder

The Cripples

In this context Jews wrapped fur tails around their hats.

A further story I read was that in Russia Jews wrapped fur tails around their kippot that they remain unrecognized in the public and couldn't be identified as Jews.

Another hat which humiliates the Jewish people was the Jewish Hat.

Reenactment in Goslar, Germany

Judenhut

See as well the very instructive film:

Hats of Jersusalem by Nati Adler

and the article:

The Top Hat that decended from Heaven, and other Musings on Jewish Head Attire

by Michal Friedlander

March 23, 2013

Head Coverings of the Bahá'í Faith

For a first introduction to the Bahá'í Faith use Wikipedia.

In the beginning Bahá'u'lláh, `Abdu'l-Bahá, Shoghí Effendí Rabbání and the ancient apostels wore a Tarboush - طربوش with a white scarf wrapped arround.

Bahá'u'lláh

the founder of the Bahá'í Faith

Abdu'l-Bahá

was the eldest son of Bahá'u'lláh

Shoghí Effendí Rabbání was the Guardian and appointed head of the Bahá'í Faith

from 1921 until his death in 1957

Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh

1. Mirza Musa

2. Badi’

3. Nurayn-i-Nayyirayn

4. Haji Amin

5. Mirza Abu’l-Fadl

6. Varqa

7. Mirza Mahmud

8. Haji Akhund

9. Nabil-i-Akbar

10. Vakilu’d-Dawlih

11. Ibn-i-Abha

12. Nabil-i-A’zam

13. Kazim-i-Samandar

14. Mirza Mustafa

15. Mishkin-Qalam

16. Adib

17. Shaykh Muhammad Ali

18. Zaynu’l-Muqarrabin

18. Ibn-i-Asdaq

For today Bahá'í Faith has no clergy, the members do not wear anymore a special head covering.

March 19, 2013

Coat of Arms Pope Francis

March 17, 2013

Pileolus of Frère Jean-Pierre Schumacher

Frère Jean-Pierre Schumacher, Trappist

The Last Monk of Tibhirine, Algeria

wearing a crocheted zucchetto

March 16, 2013

Fashion Headcoverings - Versace Clergy Hats

Biretta

Spanish Bonete

Pileolus (zucchetto, soli deo)

March 11, 2013

Kukulija - Cucullus - Koukoulion - Куколь

The Moscovite koukoulion has evolved through time and the standard "design" today is with seraphim on the forehad and on the two lapels of the veil left and right as worn by the Patriarch today.

Left: Kirill I, Patriarch of Moscow and all the Rus' and Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church

Right: Ilia II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia

The white Muscovite koukoulion has three golden embroidered seraphim on front and flaps, and a cross on the top. His white color stands for purity of thoughts and the enlightment by the devine light.

The black Georgian koukoulion has two Seraphims on the flaps, and a cross not on the top, but on the front side of the headgear.